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BOOKS

  1. Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications VII, (proceedings AIMSA-96), ed A M Ramsay IOS Press, 1996

  2. Prospects for Artificial Intelligence, (proceedings of AISB-93), eds. A.Sloman, D.Hogg, G. Humphreys, A. Ramsay & D. Partridge, IOS Press, 1993

  3. The Logical Structure of English, A M Ramsay, Pitman, 1990 (now published by UCL Press)

  4. Formal Methods in Artificial Intelligence, A M Ramsay, Cambridge University Press, 1988

  5. AI in Practice: programming examples in POP-11 , A M Ramsay and M R Barrett, Ellis-Horwood, 1986.

  6. POP-11: a practical language for artificial intelligence M R Barrett, A M Ramsay and A Sloman Ellis-Horwood, 1985

    7. JOURNAL & CONFERENCE PAPERS

  7. M El-Masri, A M Ramsay, H Ahmed & T Ahmad (2020) Positive sentiments as coping mechanisms and path to resilience: the case of Qatar blockade, Information, Communication & Society, DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2020.1748086

  8. T Ahmad, A M Ramsay and H Ahmed: Detecting Emotions in English and Arabic Tweets, Information: 2019, 98

  9. E Alsharhan and A M Ramsay: Improved Arabic speech recognition system through the automatic generation of fine-grained phonetic transcriptions, Inf. Process. Manage.: 2019, 343--353

  10. T Ahmad, A M Ramsay and H Ahmed: CENTEMENT at SemEval-2018 Task 1: Classification of Tweets using Multiple Thresholds with Self-correction and Weighted Conditional Probabilities, Proceedings of The 12th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL-HLT, New Orleans, Louisiana, June 5-6, 2018: 2018, 200--204

  11. T Ahmad, A M Ramsay and H Ahmed: Explorations in Sentiment Mining for Arabic and English Tweets, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications - 18th International Conference, AIMSA 2018, Varna, Bulgaria, September 12-14, 2018, Proceedings: 2018, 16--24

  12. A M Ramsay and A Alshahrani: Constrained Permutations for Computing Textual Similarity, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications - 18th International Conference, AIMSA 2018, Varna, Bulgaria, September 12-14, 2018, Proceedings: 2018, 83--92

  13. M El-Masri, N Altrabsheh, H Mansour and A M Ramsay: A web-based tool for Arabic sentiment analysis, Third International Conference On Arabic Computational Linguistics, ACLING 2017, November 5-6, 2017, Dubai, United Arab Emirates: 2017, 38--45

  14. F Albogamy, A M Ramsay and H Ahmed: Arabic Tweets Treebanking and Parsing: A Bootstrapping Approach, Proceedings of the Third Arabic Natural Language Processing Workshop, WANLP 2017@EACL, Valencia, Spain, April 3, 2017: 2017, 94--99

  15. F Albogamy and A M Ramsay: Universal Dependencies for Arabic Tweets, Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2017, Varna, Bulgaria, September 2 - 8, 2017: 2017, 46--51

  16. A Almiman and A M Ramsay: A Hybrid System to apply Natural Language Inference over Dependency Trees, Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2017, Varna, Bulgaria, September 2 - 8, 2017: 2017, 64--70

  17. A Almiman and A M Ramsay: Using English Dictionaries to generate Commonsense Knowledge in Natural Language, Proceedings of the International Conference Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2017, Varna, Bulgaria, September 2 - 8, 2017: 2017, 58--63

  18. I Alsharhan and A M Ramsay: Improved Arabic Speech Recognition System Through the Automatic generation of Fine-grained Phonetic Transcriptions, Information Processing and Management: 2017,

  19. T Ahmad and A M Ramsay: Linking Tweets to News: Is All News of Interest?, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications - 17th International Conference, AIMSA 2016, Varna, Bulgaria, September 7-10, 2016, Proceedings: 2016, 151--161

  20. F Albogamy and A M Ramsay: Fast and Robust POS tagger for Arabic Tweets Using Agreement-based Bootstrapping, Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation LREC 2016, Portorovz: 2016,

  21. Jaf, S & Ramsay, A M: A Rule-Based Part-of-Speech Tagger for Sorani Kurdish, Input a Word, Analyze the World: Selected Approaches to Corpus Linguistics: ed Almeida, Francisco Alonso and Barrera, Ivalla Ortega and Toledo, Elena Quintana and Cuervo, Margarita E. Sanchez, 2016, 39-48

  22. S F Jaf and A M Ramsay: The application of constraint rules to data-driven parsing, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: ed G Angelova and K Bontcheva and R Mitkov, 2015, 232--238

  23. H Alrefaie and A M Ramsay: Supporting Language Learners with the Meanings Of Closed Class Items, CoRR: 2015,

  24. F Albogamy and A M Ramsay: POS tagging for Arabic Tweets, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: ed G Angelova and K Bontcheva and R Mitkov, 2015, 1--8

  25. S F Jaf and A M Ramsay: The Selection of Classifiers for a Data-driven Parser, The 12th International Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Cognitive Science: 2015,

  26. F Albogamy and A M Ramsay: Towards POS tagging for Arabic Tweets, ACL 2015 Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text: 2015, 5 pages

  27. M Alsabaan and A M Ramsay: Diagnostic CALL tool for Arabic learners, CALL Design: Principles and Practice; Proceedings of the 2014 EUROCALL Conference: ed S. Jager and L. Bradley and E. J. Meima and S. Thou"esny, 2014, 6-11

  28. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Combining strategies for tagging and parsing Arabic, Proceedings of the EMNLP 2014 Workshop on Arabic Natural Language Processing (ANLP): 2014, 73--77

  29. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Improved parsing for Arabic by combining diverse dependency parsers, Human Language Technology Challenges for Computer Science and Linguistics: ed Vetulani, Zygmunt and Mariani, Joseph, 2014, 43-54

  30. A M Ramsay, I Alsharhan and H Ahmed: Generation of a phonetic transcription for modern standard Arabic: a knowledge-based model, Computer Speech and Language: 2014, 959--978

  31. S F Jaf and A M Ramsay: Parser hybridisation for natural languages, Human Language Technologies as a Challenge for Computer Science and Linguistics: 2013, 531--535

  32. S F Jaf and A M Ramsay: Towards the development of a hybrid parser for natural languages, 2013 Imperial College Computing Student Workshop: ed Andrew V. Jones and Nicholas Ng, 2013, 49--56

  33. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Optimising tree edit distance with subtrees for textual entailment, Proceedings of Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: 2013, 9--17

  34. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Natural language inference for Arabic using extended tree edit distance with subtrees, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research: 2013, 1--22

  35. A Alshahrani and A M Ramsay: Inference for natural language, Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Semantic Processing. Textual Inference and Structures in Corpora: 2013, 60-64

  36. M Alsabaan, I Alsharhan, A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Dealing with atic consonants to improve the performance of Arabic speech recognition, The 13th Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT 2012): 2012, 313--319

  37. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Arabic Treebank: from phrase-structure trees to dependency trees, META-RESEARCH Workshop on Advanced Treebanking at the 8th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC): 2012, 61--68

  38. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Combining black-box taggers and parsers for modern standard Arabic, Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS-2012): 2012, 19 --26

  39. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Dependency tree matching with extended tree edit distance with subtrees for textual entailment, Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS-2012): 2012, 11--18

  40. J Kerins and A M Ramsay: Developing a visual temporal modeller: Applying an extensible NLP system to support learners' understanding of tense and aspect in english, ReCALL: 2012, 40--65

  41. Alabbas, M and A M Ramsay: Improved POS-tagging for Arabic by combining diverse taggers, Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations: ed Iliadis, Lazaros and Maglogiannis, Ilias and Papadopoulos, Harris, 2012, 107-116

  42. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Evaluation of dependency parsers for long Arabic sentences, Proceeding of International Conference on Semantic Technology and Information Retrieval (STAIR'11): 2011, 243-248

  43. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Exploiting hidden morphophonemic constraints for finding the underlying forms of 'weak' Arabic verbs, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: ed G Angelova and K Bontcheva and R Mitkov and N Nikolov, 2011, 448-455

  44. A Garg and A M Ramsay: Semantic content analysis of video: issues and trends, Multimedia Analysis, Processing and Communications: ed Lin, Weisi and Tao, Dacheng and Kacprzyk, Janusz and Li, Zhu and Izquierdo, Ebroul and Wang, Haohong, 2011, 443-457

  45. M Alabbas and A M Ramsay: Evaluation of combining data-driven dependency parsers for Arabic, Proceeding of 5th Language & Technology Conference: Human Language Technologies (LTC'11): 2011, 546-550

  46. A M Ramsay: Semi-partitioned Horn clauses: a tractable logic of types, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications: 2010, 279--280

  47. Kuo, C-L and A M Ramsay: Translating thematic/contrastive focus from English to Mandarin Chinese, Machine Translation: 2009, 181--203

  48. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Actions speak louder than words: an intentional look at defining communicative acts for embodied conversational agents, AAMAS 2009 Workshop: Towards a Standard Markup Language for Embodied Dialogue Acts: 2009, 25--30

  49. A M Ramsay and D G Field: 'Sorry' is the hardest word, Computational Approaches to Creativity (NAACL HLT Workshop): 2009, 94--101

  50. A M Ramsay and D G Field: Using English for commonsense knowledge, 8th International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS-8): ed H Bunt, 2009, 181--194

  51. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Minimal sets of minimal speech acts, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing V: 2009, 217-226

  52. A M Ramsay and Y Naguib: Bootstrapping a lexicon-free tagger for Arabic, 9th conference of the Egyptian language engineering society: 2009,

  53. A M Ramsay: The complexity of everyday language, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing V: 2009, 99-112

  54. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Towards including prosody in a text-to-speech system for modern standard Arabic, Computer Speech & Language: 2008, 84--103

  55. A M Ramsay and D G Field: Everyday language is highly intensional, Semantics in Text Processing (STEP 2008): ed J Bos and R Delmonte, 2008, 193--206

  56. A M Ramsay and D G Field: Speech acts, epistemic planning and Grice's maxims, Logic and Computation: 2008, 431-457

  57. A M Ramsay: A tractable logic of types, 22nd International Workshop on Unification (UNIF-08): 2008, 69--81

  58. C-L Kuo and A M Ramsay: Translating thematic/contrastive focus from English to Mandarin Chinese, European Machine Translation Conference (EAMT-08): 2008, 78--87

  59. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Estimating phone lengths for a diphone-based text-to-speech system for Arabic, The Sixth International Conference on Informatics and Systems: 2008, NLP-135--NLP-140

  60. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Deep-reasoning-centred dialogue, Proc. 11th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'07): 2007, 131--138

  61. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Minimal sets of minimal speech acts, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP'07): 2007, 193--199

  62. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: A system for Arabic Text-to-speech, Computer Speech and Language: 2007, 84-103

  63. A M Ramsay and K Hargreaves: Local constraints on topic and focus in Somali, Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions: 2006, 337--344

  64. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Local constraints on Arabic word order, Advances in Natural Language Processing (Fifth International Conference on NLP, FinTAL 2006): 2006, 447--457

  65. A M Ramsay and D G Field: How to change a person's mind: understanding the difference between the effects and consequences of speech acts, 5th International Conference on Inference in Computational Semantics (ICoS 06): 2006, 27--36

  66. A M Ramsay and D G Field: Planning ramifications: when ramifications are the norm, not the problem, 11th International Workshop on Non-monotonic Reasoning (NMR-06): 2006, 344---351

  67. A M Ramsay: Prepositions as abstract relations, Second ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on The Linguistic Dimensions of Prepositions and their Use in Computational Linguistics Formalisms and Applications: 2005, 30--38

  68. R Mahmud and A M Ramsay: Finding discourse relations in student essays, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing: 2005, 116--119

  69. A M Ramsay, N Ahmed and V Mirzaiean: Persian word-order is free but not (quite) discontinuous, 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP-05): 2005, 412--418

  70. A M Ramsay and V Mirzaeian: Content-based support for Persian learners of English, RECALL: 2005, 139--154

  71. A M Ramsay and M Schulze: Die Struktur deutscher Worte, Getting into German: ed John Partridge, 2005, 83-105

  72. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: `Just-in-time' constraints in a system for Arabic Text-to-speech, 5th conference of the Egyptian society for language engineering: 2005, 143--153

  73. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Sarcasm, deception, and stating the obvious: planning dialogue without speech acts, Artificial Intelligence Review: 2004, 149--171

  74. A M Ramsay and H L Gaylard: Relevant answers to WH-questions, Journal of Language, Logic and Information: 2004, 173--186

  75. D G Field and A M Ramsay: How to build towers of arbitrary heights, The 23rd Annual Workshop of the UK Planning and Scheduling Special Interest Group (PlanSIG 2004): 2004, 11 pages

  76. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: The parser from an Arabic text-to-speech system, Traitement automatique du language naturel (TALN'04): 2004, 315--324

  77. D G Field and A M Ramsay: Sarcasm, deception and stating the obvious: planning dialogue without speech acts, Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS-5): ed H C Bunt and I van~der~Sluis and R Morante, 2003, 457--460

  78. A M Ramsay and H L Gaylard: A constructive view of discourse operators, EACL workshop on Dialogue Systems: ed K Jokinen and B Gamback and W Black and R Catizone and Y Wilks, 2003, 103--110

  79. H L Gaylard and A M Ramsay: Incremental inference in context, Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS-5): ed H C Bunt and I van~der~Sluis and R Morante, 2003, 165--178

  80. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Arabic morpho-syntax for text-to-speech, Recent advances in natural language processing: ed G Angelova and R Mitkov and N Nicolov and N Nikolov, 2003, 409--416

  81. H L Seville and A M Ramsay: A unified theory of reference resolution, 4th Discourse Anaphora and Anaphor Resolution Colloquium (DAARC-4): 2002, 90--99

  82. A M Ramsay: Temporal views as abstract relations, 9th International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning: ed M Fisher and A Artale, 2002, 116--123

  83. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: What situational and discourse relations entail, 4th International Workshop on Computational Semantics: ed H C Bunt and I van der Sluis and E Thijsse, 2001, 417--432

  84. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: Relevant answers to WH-questions, 3rd International Conference on Inference in Computational Semantics: 2001, 73--86

  85. A M Ramsay: Theorem proving for untyped constructive $lambda$-calculus: implementation and application, Logic Journal of the Interest Group in Pure and Applied Logics: 2001, 89--106

  86. H L Seville and A M Ramsay: Capturing sense in intensional contexts, 4th International Workshop on Computational Semantics: ed H C Bunt, 2001, 319--334

  87. H L Gaylard and A M Ramsay: Any: the hearer's role in discourse update, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: ed G Angelova and K Bontcheva and R Mitkov and N Nicolov and N Nikolov, 2001, 108--114

  88. A M Ramsay and H Mansour: Arabic morphology: a categorial approach, ACL workshop on `Arabic language Processing: Status and Prospects': 2001, 17--22

  89. A M Ramsay: Weak Lexical Semantics and Multiple Views, Computing Meaning: ed H C Bunt and R Muskens and E G C Thijsse, 2001, 97--112

  90. H L Seville and A M Ramsay: Making sense of reference to the unfamiliar, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-2000): ed M Kay, 2000, 775--781

  91. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: Unscrambling English word order, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-2000): ed M Kay, 2000, 656--662

  92. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: What did he mean by that?, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications: ed S A Cerri and D Dochev, 2000, 199--209

  93. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: Models and discourse models, Journal of Language and Computation: 2000, 167--181

  94. A M Ramsay: Speech act theory and epistemic planning, Abduction, Beliefs and Context in Dialogue: Studies in Computational Pragmatics: ed W J Black and H C Bunt, 2000, 293--310

  95. H L Seville and A M Ramsay: Reference-based discourse structure for reference resolution, ACL Workshop on Discourse/Dialogue Structure and Reference: 1999, 90-99

  96. A M Ramsay: Direct parsing with discontinuous phrases, Natural Language Engineering: 1999, 271--300

  97. A M Ramsay: Dynamic and underspecified semantics without dynamic and underspecified logic, Computing Meaning I: ed H C Bunt and L Kievit and R Muskens and M Verlinden, 1999, 208--220

  98. A M Ramsay: Weak lexical semantics and multiple Views, 3rd International Workshop on Computational Semantics: ed H C Bunt and E G C Thijsse, 1999, 205--218

  99. A M Ramsay and H L Seville: Models and discourse models, First workshop on inference in computational semantics: 1999, 111-124

  100. A M Ramsay: Does It Make Any Sense? Updating = Consistency Checking, The Semantics-Pragmatics Interface from Different Points of View: ed K Turner, 1999,

  101. M Cryan and A M Ramsay: Constructing a normal form for Property Theory, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-14): 1997, 237--251

  102. A M Ramsay and R Sch"aler: Case and word order in English and German, Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing: ed R Mitkov and N Nicolov, 1997, 15--33

  103. A M Ramsay: Aspect and aktionsart: fighting or cooperating?, Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-96): ed J-I Tsujii, 1996, 889-894

  104. A M Ramsay: Theorem proving for intensional logic, Journal of Automated Reasoning: 1995, 237--255

  105. A M Ramsay: Can a neutral dictionary be useful?, Machine Tractable Dictionaries: Design and Construction: ed C-M Guo, 1995, 65--74

  106. A M Ramsay: Focus on ``Only", and ``Not", Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-94): ed Y Wilks, 1994, 881-885

  107. A M Ramsay: The co-operative lexicon, 1st International Workshop on Computational Semantics I: ed H C Bunt, 1994, 171--180

  108. A M Ramsay: Meanings as Constraints on Information States, Constraints, Language and Computation: ed C J Rupp and M A Rosner and R L Johnson, 1994, 249--276

  109. A M Ramsay: Topicalisation and attachment preferences, AI and Cognitive Science 91: ed Sorensen, Humphrey, 1993, 190-198

  110. A M Ramsay: Generic plural NPs and habitual VPs, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-92): 1992, 226-231

  111. A M Ramsay: Presuppositions and WH-clauses, Journal of Semantics: 1992, 251--286

  112. A M Ramsay: Generating relevant models, Journal of Automated Reasoning: 1991, 359--368

  113. A M Ramsay: A common framework for analysis and generation, Fifth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL-91): 1991, 309--311

  114. A M Ramsay: Presuppositions and WH-clauses, Workshop on Constraint Propagation, Linguistic Description and Computational: 1991, 125--160

  115. A M Ramsay: Disjunction without tears, Computational Linguistics: 1990, 171--174

  116. A M Ramsay: A foprmal account of some presuppositional constructions, Presupposition, Lexical Meaning and Discourse Processes: workshop of the ESPROT Working Group 3315 on Dialogue and Discourse: 1990, 18

  117. A M Ramsay: Speech acts and epistemic planning, Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, Applications (AIMSA-IV): 1990, 351--360

  118. A M Ramsay: Extended graph unification, Fourth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL 89): 1989, 212--216

  119. A M Ramsay: The Semantics of WH-clauses, 2nd Irish Conference on AI and Cognitive Science: 1989, 329--350

  120. A M Ramsay: WH-questions and Intensional Logic, Recent Developments and Applications of Natural Language Processing: ed J Peckham, 1989,

  121. A M Ramsay: Epistemic reasoning without possible worlds, Primo Congresso della Associazione Italiana per l'Intelligenza Artificiale: 1989, 258--266

  122. A M Ramsay: Embedding Very High Level Languages in POP-11, POP-11 Comes of Age: the advancement of an AI programming language: ed J Anderson, 1989,

  123. Ramsay, A M: What we say and what we mean, Artificial Intelligence Review: 1987, 139--157

  124. A M Ramsay: Knowing that and knowing what, Advances in Artificial Intelligence (Proceedings of the 1987 Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour Conference: AISB-87): ed J Hallam and C Mellish, 1987, 279--290

  125. A M Ramsay: Embedding Very High Level Languages, AI Programming Environments: ed R Hawley, 1987,

  126. Ramsay, A M: Distributed versus parallel computing, Artificial Intelligence Review: 1986, 11--25

  127. A M Ramsay: Effective parsing with Generalised Phrase Structure Grammar, Second Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL 85): 1985, 57--61

  128. A M Ramsay: AI programming languages: requirements, facilities and techniques: Using Lisp, Prolog and Pop-11, Data Processing: 1985, 8 - 11

  129. Ramsay, A M: On Efficient Context Switching, The Computer Journal: 1985, 375-378

  130. A M Ramsay: The PopLog program development system, Microprocessors and Microsystems: 1984, 368 - 373

  131. A M Ramsay: Type-checking in an untyped language, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies: 1984, 157 - 167

  132. A M Ramsay: A Distributed Programming Assistant, Softw., Pract. Exper.: 1983, 983--992

  133. A M Ramsay: An Environment for Developing Distributed Programs, ECAI: 1982, 85--86

  134. D Owen and A M Ramsay: An Interactive Environment for Distributed Computing, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, Paris, France, 1981: 1981, 173--178

  135. A M Ramsay: Understanding English descriptions of programs, AISB/GI Conference: 1980, 5 pages

  136. A M Ramsay: Parsing English text, AISB/GI Conference: 1980, 5 pages

    137. REFERENCE ARTICLES

  137. A M Ramsay: AI in Linguistics, The Linguistic Encyclopaedia: ed K Malmkjaer, 1991 (updated 2001), 28-38

  138. A M Ramsay: From computational linguistics to natural language engineering, The Routledge Encyclopedia of Linguistics: ed K Malmkjaer, 2009, 68-98

  139. A M Ramsay: Speech acts and Artificial Intelligence planning theory, Encyclopaedia of Language & Linguistics: 2005,

  140. A M Ramsay: Natural Language Understanding, Encyclopaedia of Language & Linguistics: 2005,

  141. A M Ramsay: Discourse, Oxford Handbook of Computational Linguistics: ed R Mitkov, 2003,

  142. A M Ramsay: Formal approaches to semantics and pragmatics, Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science: 2002,

  143. A M Ramsay: Prospects for Natural Language Processing, Prospects for Artificial Intelligence: ed A Sloman and D Hogg and A M Ramsay, 1993, 33-48

  144. A M Ramsay: Computer-aided Syntactic Description of Language Systems, The Handbook of Computational Linguistics: ed I S Batori and W Lenders and W Putschke, 1989,

  145. A M Ramsay: Natural Language Processing, Artificial Intelligence: principles, applications and implications: ed M Yazdani, 1986,